This system can provide all data like temperature, gas , door status of your home on PC screen. All data of parameters like temperature etc are stored in database and can generate Excel file so that you can view data of any day in history you want. This system is very useful in modern houses. Here for demo i am taking 2 sensors: Gas Sensor and a Temperature sensor LM35. The heart of the system is PIC16F887 microcontroller. It monitors both our digital and anolog sensors. Then sends this data to the serial port via UART module. Hence we need to desing a GUI based software which can understand this incoming data and then dispay the appropriate values on screen. I am using Microsoft Visual BASIC 6.0 as my platform. I can easily interface COM port using the MSComm Port in components list.
Analog sensor measurement:
PIC16F887 has 10 bit ADC. It has 14 channels available. Result formats are shown below. The 10-bit A/D conversion result can be supplied in two formats, left justified or right justified. The ADFM bit of the ADCON0 register controls the output format.
A/D CONVERSION PROCEDURE :
This is an example procedure for using the ADC to perform an Analog-to-Digital conversion:
1. Configure Port:
• Disable pin output driver (See TRIS register)
• Configure pin as analog
2. Configure the ADC module:
• Select ADC conversion clock
• Configure voltage reference
• Select ADC input channel
• Select result format
• Turn on ADC module
3. Wait the required acquisition time(2).
4. Start conversion by setting the GO/DONE bit.
5. Wait for ADC conversion to complete by one of
the following:
• Polling the GO/DONE bit
6. Read ADC Result
ADC REGISTER DEFINITIONS: The following registers are used to control the operation of the ADC.
ADCON0 register:
ADCON1 register
Bit patterns for ADFM bit = 1 or 0 :
LM35 Sensor:
The LM35 temperature sensor provides an output of 10mV per degree Celsius, with an accuracy of 0.5°C at 25°C. It can be powered by any DC voltage in the range 4 – 30v. The operating range is –55°C to +150°c.
Gas sensor:
Now Gas sensor modules are available from so many vendors in the market at electronics shops or online. Here i am showing one of them. You can use any one. but once you need to check if it is working on +ve logic or -ve logic. I am showing one +ve logic sensor that is availabe here from parallax. Click here . Gas Sensor Module is designed to detect the presence of a dangerous LPG leak in your Home, car or in a service station, storage tank environment by interfacing with Microcontroller without ADC Channels and programming. In this version of LPG Gas sensor module two pots are included, one for trigger level setting and the other for setting sensitivity of the sensor. It allows to determine when a preset LPG gas level has been reached or exceeded. The module uses MQ-6 sensor to sense LPG leak. The MQ-6 can detect gas concentrations anywhere from 200 to 10000 ppm.
A high on OUT pin indicates LPG presence. This pin can be connected to the Digital I/O pin of the microcontroller.
The code is written in Mplab X IDE:
#define SENSOR0 RB0
#define SENSOR1 RB1
#define SENSOR2 RB2
#define SENSOR3 RB3
#define GAS_SENSOR RB4
#define LIGHT_SENSOR RB5
#define Buzzer RD0
//#define SENSOR1 RB1
void main()
{
unsigned int dig1, dig2, dig3, dig4;
//Initialize USART with baud rate 9600
USARTInit(9600);
LCDInitialize();
OPTION_REGbits.nRBPU = 0;
WPUB = 0XFF;
// ANSELbits.ANS0 = 1;
ANSELH = 0x00;
TRISB = 0xFF;
TRISDbits.TRISD0 = 0;
Buzzer = 0;
TRISAbits.TRISA0 = 1;
unsigned long ADC_val = 0;
ADC_Init();
__delay_ms(20);
LCDWriteString(“Initializing..”);
__delay_ms(300);
LCDClear();
LCDWriteString(“Ready…..”);
__delay_ms(700);
while(1)
{
while(GAS_SENSOR) //GAS sensor detected
{
USARTWriteString(“SG11”);
Buzzer = 1;
__delay_ms(5000);
}
USARTWriteString(“SG00”);
__delay_ms(100);
Buzzer = 0;
ADC_val = (ADC_Read(0)/2);
__delay_ms(100);
dig1 = (unsigned int)(ADC_val/1000); // Calculate digit1 of ADC_value
dig2 = (unsigned int)((ADC_val – dig1*1000)/100); // Calculate digit2 of ADC_value
dig3 = (unsigned int)((ADC_val – (dig1*1000+dig2*100))/10); // Calculate digit3 of ADC_value
dig4 = (unsigned int)(ADC_val – (dig1*1000+dig2*100+dig3*10)); // Calculate digit4 of ADC_value
USARTWriteString(“tt”); // Display digit2 of ADC_value on UART
__delay_ms(10);
USARTWriteChar(dig3+0x30); // Display digit3 of ADC_value on UART
__delay_ms(10);
USARTWriteChar(dig4+0x30); // Display digit4 of ADC_value on UART
__delay_ms(10);
}
}
}
}
Visual BASIC Application :
At loading time of the form we initialize the serial port as follows:
‘ Fire Rx Event Every single Bytes
MSComm1.RThreshold = 4
‘ When Inputting Data, Input 1 Byte at a time
MSComm1.InputLen = 4
‘ 9600 Baud, No Parity, 8 Data Bits, 1 Stop Bit
MSComm1.Settings = “9600,N,8,1”
‘ Disable DTR
MSComm1.DTREnable = False
‘ Open COM1
MSComm1.CommPort = 1
MSComm1.PortOpen = True
The program code for MSComm1 component is as:
Private Sub MSComm1_OnComm()
Dim sData As String
Dim Data As String
Dim ID As String
Dim MSB As String
Dim quantity As String
‘ If comEvReceive Event then get data and display
If MSComm1.CommEvent = comEvReceive Then
sData = MSComm1.Input ‘ Get data
Data = Mid$(sData, 3, 2) ‘ get 2nd and 3rd byte
MSB = Mid$(sData, 1, 1) ‘ Get LSB
ID = Mid$(sData, 1, 2) ‘ Get MSB
quantity = Mid$(sData, 2, 3) ‘ Get MSB
Text8.Text = sData
Text5.Text = ID
Text7.Text = Data
Text9.Text = MSB
If ID = “SG” Then
If Data = “00” Then
Text6.Text = “Absent”
Else
Text6.Text = “Present”
End If
End If
End Sub
For generating the database the timer2 is fired with some interval.
Private Sub Timer2_Timer()
Adodc1.Recordset.AddNew
Text10.Text = Label8.Caption
Text11.Text = Label12.Caption
Text12.Text = Label13.Caption
Text13.Text = Label14.Caption
Text2.Text = Label2.Caption
Text3.Text = Label3.Caption
Text14.Text = Text6.Text
Text15.Text = Text1.Text
End sub
While simulation i am creating a pair of COM1 and COM2 in my PC as virtual serial port. For tutorial on this virtual serial port, read my post here
You can see the whole video of simulation.
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